| Thermal design conditions
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Contains controls used to define Winter and Summer
(heating and cooling) design data and operation schedules for the room.
- Winter — When heat
losses occur in the room, the following Winter design conditions can be
defined:
- Temperature –
Sets the design temperature to be maintained.
- Saturation –
Sets the saturation percentage required to initialize humidity control during
heating.
- Infiltration
air change rate – The number of air changes per hour produced by outdoor air
flow into the zone from window/door openings and cracks in the exterior
surfaces. The value displayed here is the minimum supply air volume rate to be
maintained for peak heat loss load conditions.
- Schedule – Used
to select the Heat schedule that will be used for the room. Available heating
schedules appear on the drop-down list.
- Summer — When heat
gains occur in the room, the following Summer design conditions can be defined:
- Temperature –
Sets the design temperature to be maintained.
- Saturation –
Sets the saturation percentage required to initialize humidity control during
cooling.
- Infiltration
air change rate – The number of air changes per hour produced by outdoor air
flow into the zone from window/door openings and cracks in the exterior
surfaces. The value displayed here is the minimum supply air volume rate to be
maintained for peak heat gain load conditions.
- Schedule – Used
to select the Cool schedule that will be used for the room. Available cooling
schedules appear on the drop-down list.
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| Thermal properties
|
Contains controls used to define the room Thermal
properties including the type of conditioning used (or not used), the thermal
weight of the room, and the thermal properties of the furnishings located in
the room.
- Space type — Used
to set the type of conditioning used to maintain the room’s design
temperatures. Available Space types appear on the drop-down list:
- Ventilated –
Defines the room space as having only ventilation. This can be natural
ventilation or mechanical ventilation or a combination of both. Energy usage is
considered for the fan equipment used in ventilating the room
- Unconditioned –
Defines the room space as having no air conditioning. Meaning there is no HVAC
equipment servicing the room, which affects simulations and energy calculation
results.
- Semi-heated –
Defines the room as being a semi-heated space. Typically, semi-heated spaces
are large warehouses where a minimum temperature is maintained to allow for
adequate working conditions.
- Residential
conditioned – Defines the room as being a conditioned residential space.
Conditioned residential spaces in buildings are used primarily for living and
sleeping. Residential spaces include, but are not limited to, dwelling units,
hotel/motel guest rooms, dormitories, nursing homes, patient rooms in
hospitals, lodging houses, fraternity/sorority houses, hostels, prisons, and
fire stations.
- Non-residential
conditioned – Defines the room as being a non-residential conditioned space.
Non-residential conditioned spaces are building areas that are not used for
living or sleeping.
- Thermal weight —
Used to set the Thermal weight factor used for the room. The thermal weight of
a room refers to the extent of the room's energy consumption occurs with
changes in local weather conditions.
- Undefined –
When set, no factor is used for energy calculations.
- Light – Sets
the room to have a light thermal weight. Thermally light rooms are those whose
heating and cooling requirements are proportional to the weather.
- Medium – Sets
the room to have a medium thermal weight. Medium weighted rooms have heating
and cooling requirements that are proportional to the weather to a lesser
degree than lightly weighted rooms. They require more energy to condition them
than thermally light rooms, and less energy than thermally heavy rooms.
- Heavy – Sets
the room to have a heavy thermal weight. Thermally heavy rooms have heating and
cooling requirements that are not proportional to the weather. Heavier rooms
being less dependent on weather than lighter rooms, are less likely to produce
accurate results in simple temperature dependent energy consumption
calculations.
- Furniture amount —
Used to set a Furniture amount factor used for the room. The amount of
furniture in a room affects the amount of thermal energy the room gains or
losses. Furnishings create additional surface areas which affect thermal gains
and losses. Furniture also covers floor and wall areas, providing an insulating
effect in the room space
- Undefined –
When set, the room is assumed to be void of furnishings in energy calculations.
- Low – Sets the
room to have a low amount of furniture.
- Average – Sets
the room to have an average amount of furniture.
- High – Sets the
room to have a high amount of furniture.
- Furniture weight —
Used to set a Furniture weight factor used for the room. Furniture weight in a
room refers to the amount of weight per unit of floor space furniture exerts.
This factor affects the amount of thermal energy the room gains or losses.
- Undefined –
When set, the room is assumed to be void of furnishings in energy calculations.
- Light – Sets
the room to have a light furniture weight factor. Low mass furniture absorbs
and emits less thermal energy at a faster rate than more massive furniture.
- Medium – Sets
the room to have a medium furniture weight factor. Medium mass furniture
absorbs and emits thermal energy at a slower rate than less massive furniture,
but faster than more massive furniture.
- Heavy – Sets
the room to have a heavy furniture weight factor. High mass furniture absorbs
and emits more thermal energy but at a slower rate than less massive furniture.
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| AirFlow
|
Contains controls to define air flowpaths in bulk
for the room.
- Use typical air
flow — When on, typical flowpath types and values are used for the room. This
option should be checked if you do not wish to explicitly define each flowpath
for the room. Air flowpath data for the room will then automatically be
generated for the room, using the room dimensions and surfaces defined for the
room. This is a very broad approach, which does not include components such as
doors and windows, which may have a significant effect on air movement.
- Leakage joints and
walls — When on, the air that infiltrates through joints between building
elements such as wall to roof, wall to floor and window to wall will be
simulated for the room. This is carried out by allowing one joint flowpath for
each exposed wall, of joint length equal to the wall height plus twice the wall
length. For glazing, a flowpath to outside is set up, using the total perimeter
of the window/door/rooflight.
- Diffusion through
walls — When on, the air that permeates through a solid element, such as a
wall, due to the pressure difference across the element will be simulated for
the room.
- Include internal
surfaces — When on, all internal surfaces (walls, floor, ceiling) that are
connected to another adjoining room, will each have a flowpath set up to
simulate air diffusion through the element to the adjoining room.
- Include trickle
vent — When on, air that infiltrates through trickle vents will be considered
in simulations. When on, a trickle ventilator will automatically be simulated
for each window in the room. The size of each trickle ventilator is computed
based on the room floor area.
- Schedule window
temperature — Used to select the Window temperature schedule for the room.
Window temperature schedules are used to determine when windows can be opened
and the hour by hour control temperature for the window opening.
- Schedule window
fraction — Used to select the Window fraction schedule for the room. Window
fraction schedules are used to determine how much windows can be opened and the
hour by hour control temperature for the window opening.
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| Miscellaneous
|
Contains controls used to define Miscellaneous
properties for fine adjustments to room gains by specifying window shading,
lighting types and the amounts of energy absorbed by the room airstream.
- Shading devices —
Used to set the type of shading found on the room’s windows.
- Lighting load
absorbed by airstream — Sets the amount of the lighting load that is absorbed
through ventilation of the room. Extracted air is assumed to pick up some
amount of heat from lighting. This amount of heat is over and above the
lighting load specified for the room, which will appear as a room load.
- Roof load absorbed
by airstream — Sets the amount of the roof load that is absorbed through
ventilation of the room. Extracted air is assumed to pick up some amount of
heat from the roof. This amount of heat is over and above the roof load
specified for the room, which will appear as a room load.
- Diversity for
people — Used to specify a diversity factor for people. The factor can be
applied to people when the whole building load is computed allowing occupancy
patterns to be simulated. Typical diversity factors for people are:
| Office
|
0.75 - 0.9
|
| Apartment, hotel
|
0.4 - 0.6
|
| Department store
|
0.8 - 0.9
|
| Industrial
|
0.85 - 0.95
|
- Diversity for
lighting — Used to specify a diversity factor for lighting. The factor can be
applied to lighting when the whole building load is computed allowing
controlled lighting to be simulated. Typical diversity factors for lighting
are:
| Office
|
0.7 - 0.85
|
| Apartment, hotel
|
0.3 - 0.5
|
| Department store
|
0.9 - 1.0
|
| Industrial
|
0.8 - 0.9
|
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| Room mapping
|
Contains controls used to categorize the selected
room as being a member of one of the building types qualified by the ASHRAE
90.1 and ASHRAE 62.1 standards, and as being of a particular room type included
within those building types. The room mapping data defined here is used
prescriptive calculations which determine if the proposed building complies
with the lighting (Space-by-Space Method of calculating interior lighting power
allowances) and ventilation requirements specified by ASHRAE 90.1 and ASHRAE
62.1.
- Standard — Lists
the ASHRAE standards to set the room mapping data for. They are:
- ASHRAE 62.1
2004
- ASHRAE 62.1
2007
- ASHRAE 62.1
2010
- ASHRAE 90.1
2004
- ASHRAE 90.1
2007
- ASHRAE 90.1
2010
- Building type —
Lists the standard building types catalogs available for each standard.
- Specific room type
— Lists the Specific room types for the selected building type for each
standard.
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